Monday, March 11, 2013

Sharecropping/Tenant farming and Reconstruction Plans

Share cropping and Tenant farming:

During the reconstruction after the Civil War, share cropping was invented. Share cropping was an agricultural system developed in the South that improved farming. In this system, people farmed land that belonged to someone else. The sharecropper pays rent using half of the crop he raises and doesn't bring anything besides his own labor. They buy tools for their landowners in order to work the land. Being a sharecropper means you rarely had a chance to make any profit or save money, which is why tenant farming was created instead. Tenant farming is a "step up" from sharecropping. The farmers paid for their own tools and animals instead of buying it, but the landowners still provided the house and land. The good thing coming out of this system was that the sharecroppers were able to make money because the owners paid cash or shared the crops at the end at the year.

Reconstruction plans:

Once the Civil War ended, Lincoln put into effect his reconstruction plans. Abraham Lincoln wanted to quickly return the Southern states to the Union and make the nation a whole again. The Southerners and Southern states were forgiven for all the damage they caused during the Civil War once they took an oath of allegiance. When 10% of the voters took the oath, the state they lived in could rejoin the nation and form a state government. Once Lincoln died Johnston became President and took over the reconstruction plans. He agreed with Lincoln's ideas and helped to improve the 13th Amendment. Johnston had the states nullify their documents that they created to secede. Even though Johnston agreed with Lincoln's plan, that didn't mean the Congress did. Congress disagreed with all of President Johnston's plans and tried to override all of his ideas. They required the ratification of the 14th Amendment and placed the states under military rule. In the end, the President and Congress agreed on rules and bills and a new nation was formed.

New Amendments:

Because of the Civil War and the Reconstruction plans, new amendments were added to the constitution. The 13th Amendment was created first and it forbid slavery in the U.S. This amendment was passed by President Johnston on January 31, 1865 and was ratified by the states on December 6, 1865. The next amendment that was approved was the 14th. The 14th Amendment granted citizenship to freedmen and equal protection under the law. It also prevented former Confederate officials from holding office. This amendment was important because it expanded the protection of civil rights to all Americans and allowed blacks to become citizens of the U.S. The 14th Amendment was ratified on July 9, 1868. The final amendment created during the reconstruction period was the 15th Amendment which granted the right all men the right to vote regardless of race, color, or previous condition of servitude. This amendment allowed more African Americans to hold spots in office and become leaders. The 15th Amendment was ratified on February 3, 1870.

1 comment:

  1. During the reconstruction after the Civil War, share cropping was invented
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